Drivers of eParticipation: Case of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

 This study provides insights regarding the intentions of users participating in eGovernment activities in Saudi Arabia. A user-centric model of eParticipation is advanced, based on a review of the literature and empirical tests. We conducted an online survey of 200 citizens and residents of Saudi Arabia. The results of this study indicate that four variables positively influence eParticipation intentions: trust of the government, attitude towards eParticipation, use of social media, and social influence and identity. Interestingly, perceived benefits of eGovernment were statistically significant, but they were negatively related to eParticipation intention. Only two demographic variables, age and gender, are significantly related to the level of eParticipation; age is positively related, and gender is negatively related. This suggests that as people become more mature, they are more willing to participate in the country’s governance via online channels; it also appears that women are less likely than men to participate through online media. It seems that eParticipation rates could increase if people could be assured of anonymity, if information would not be used against participants, and if the impact or result of their eParticipation on policy and decision-making processes could be observed and verified. Participants do exhibit favorable attitudes towards government’s attempts to encourage eParticipation in Saudi Arabia. Finally, while participants recognize the benefits of interacting with the government through social media—and recognize the likelihood of social media playing a more prominent role in future—currently, they are uncomfortable with the concept and practice of eParticipation.